Ejector for firearms



Feb. 8, 1949. A. WEISS 2,460,862

EJEC'I'OR FOR FIREARMS Filed July 27. 1939 Pfg. 1

' v la 3 2\a -5a5 \2 6 INI/ENTO/E 1a s 2a 4 5a' 5 ALf/e wf/ss Patented Feb. 8, 1949 UNITED STATS P'EENT Albert Weiss,"` Zurich', Switzerland, assignor to Machine ToolY Works Oerlikon4 Administration Company, Zurich-Oerlikon, company of Switzerland Switzerland, a

Application-uly'i, 1939, Serial No. 286,785 InSv'vitzerland August 5, 1938 Section 3, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires August 5, 1958 4 Claims. l

ticularly of the mass or inertia lockedtype, it is impossible for reasons connected with the lock'-v ing system itself tov extract the cartridgeV Ishell from the weapon by means of the usual resilient extractors. It has, therefore, been necessary to entrust the function of extraction to a so-'called claw, that is to say a lip-shaped projection of the breech-block head engaging below the rim of the cartridge shell. rI his lip-shaped projection, however, is incapable alone of holding the shell to be ejected on the breech-block 'but on' the contrary itis only' able to engage the shell on one side. With' this lip-shaped projection alone, therefore, the shell, which during' the recoil of the breech-block may have a tendency to dropout of the claw under the iniluence of 'lateral forces or in consequence of its own weight, cannot be carried'with certaintyto the ejector and hence removed from the weapon. It has been attempted to overcome this di'iculty, for example, by employing two resilient cartridge shell gripping members provided' above the claw and on the right and left sides on the breech-block head. This construction, besides being rather vcomplicated, however; cannot 'beused to' an unlimited extent.

The present invention relates to a novel construction of the breech casing guiding` the breech-block body, in which the above-mentionedA disadvantages are eliminated by the. fact that the breechV casing is providedwith af crosspiece extending immediately behind the cartridge chamber transversely to the shell ejecting direction, and the cartridge shell being released from engagement by the claw is supported at its forward edge on said cross-piece until the breechblock has carried the shell directly against the ejector.

In the accompanying drawing which shows, by way of example, one embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 shows the position of the cartridge shell upon being extracted from the cartridge chamber,

Figure 2 shows the cartridge shell at the moment of coming into contact with the ejector, and

Figure 3 shows the cartridge shell in the tilted position during ejection.

I is the barrel xed in the breech casing 2. la is the cartridge chamber at the rear end of the barrel. The breech block 6 with a lip-shaped projection or claw is longitudinally movable in the breech casing 2. Immediately behind the cartridge chamber la is a cross-piece or plate 3 coveringrA a part of the existing ejection slot 2a vin the breech casing 2. The cartridge shell li is provided at its rear end with a groove da into which a lip 5a of the clawA 5 is adapted to enter. An ejector for the shells is shown at 1, and as will be seen from the drawing, the ejector is removed from the chamber la by a distance considerably greater thanthe length of the shell.

The operation of the device is as follows: When after ring a shot the breech-block 6 has started to recoil and at the same time extracted the cartridge shell 4 from the cartridge'cham-A ber la, the shell is as yet only held by the'lip v5a ofthe claw. This Support is however not sufficient inV every case to hold the cartridge shell 4 in position in the breech-block-axis. Under the action of gravity and also of thev one-sided pull on the cartridge shell rim 4a, a-s the lip or extractor 5a engages in the groove 4a at its lower portion, cartridge shell 4 sometimes moves with its front end in a direction towards the ejection slot 2a. This' movement is stopped by the crosspiece 3 -before theV cartridge shell d is able to become released from the engagement by `the.

claw lip 5a. VPremature jumping of then-cartridge shell l out of the claw 5 is thereby prevented. For the satisfactory operation of the type of firearm shown, all the cartridge shell-s must abut againstlthe ejector 1- and receive from thelatter an impact expelling the cartridge shell vwhich tilts downwardly outV ofthe breech casing.

FigurejZ showsV the `position of theV parts at the moment at which the front end of the cartridge shell has left the cross-piece 3 and the base of the cartridge has reached the ejector 1.

The distance of the cross-piece from the longitudinal axis of the fire-arm determines the angle of inclination which the cartridge shell assumes after leaving the cartridge chamber upon the recoil of the breech-block. For requirements of reliability of withdrawal by the claw, the abovementioned distance should not exceed onequarter of the length of the cartridge shell.

In order to hold the cartridge shell 4 as long as possible in the position maintained by the cross-piece 3, the length of the cross-piece is proportioned so that the distance Yfrom the end edge of the cross-piece to the tip of the ejector only Islightly exceeds the length of the cartridge shell. The short distance over which the cartridge shell,

' released by the cross-piece, travels until it abuts Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be perforated, I declare that what I claim is:

1. In a nre-arm, a breech casing, a barrel supported in said casing and having a cartridge cli-amber dimensioned tol receiveI a cartridge of a given shell length, a breech-block movable toward and away from said chamber, said breech-block having means for releasably engaging a cartridge shell, an ejector spaced rearwardly of the chamber by a distance consider-ably greater than the length of the cartridge shell, and a cross-piece positioned behind the cartridge chamber and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel and transversely to the direction of ejection of the cartridge shell for'supporting the forward edge of the latter as it is withdrawn by the breechblock, there being yan opening at the bottom of the breech casing vto the rearof the cross-piece and below the ejector for the downward discharge of the shell, and the distance between the rearedge of the cross-piece and the ejector being sufcient to enable the cartridge shell to fall through said opening, but being of such reduced extent that the cross-piece underlies the forward edge of the shell up to substantially the moment that the shell strikes the ejector.

2..,A lire-.arm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance of the cross-piece from the longitudinalV ward and a rear section, a barrel positioned in the forward section of the breech casing and having a cartridge chamber dimensioned to receive a cartridge of a given shell length, a stationary ejector in the rear section of said breechcasing and above the longitudinal axis of the barrel, a breech block slidably positioned Within said breech casing, means on the breech block for re,- leasably engaging the bottom rear edge of a cartridge shell, and a supporting member extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel and positioned behind the cartridge chamber in the forward section of said breech casing and at a level below the cartridge chamber' for limiting the downward drop of the free end of the withdrawn shell, the breech casing having an opening in its bottom between the rear edge of the supporting member and the ejector for the discharge of the cartridge shells, the distance between said edge and the ejector being such that the member underlies the forward edge of a withdrawn shell up to substantially the moment that it strikes the ejector.

4. In a fire-arm, a breech casing, a cartridge chamber in said casing, said chamber being dimensioned to receive a cartridge of a given shell length, a stationary ejector member in said breech casing positioned rearwardly of the cartridge chamber and above the longitudinal axis thereof, a breech-block slidably positioned within said breech casing, said breech-block having a single claw extractor member arranged to engage the bottom rear edge of a cartridge shell, and a crosspiece positioned transversely to the direction of ejection of a cartridge shell and below the level of the cartridge chamber, the rear edge of the shell projecting above the breech block and said crosspiece being arranged for supporting the forward end of the tilted cartridge shell during its extrae tion until the breech block has carried the shell rearwardly into contact with the ejector member, the ejector n'ielnberV engaging the upper portion of the rear face of the shell and thereby causing the shell to tilt downwardly with the extractor member as a pivot, the breech casing having an opening in V.its bottom between the supporting member and theejector for the discharge of the Vcartridge shells, the distance between said edge and the ejector being such that the member underlies the forward edge of a withdrawn shell up to substantially the moment that it strikes the ejector..

1 ALBERT WEISS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patentz.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,231,978 Wesson Feb. 18, 1941 

